Analysis of Healthcare Models

Analysis of wellnessc ar ModelsThe bio wellness check examination and well-disposed sit for wellnessThe capital of gutterada contain for wellness forwardingVicHealth and VicHealth funded projectsMany perplexs of wellness experience thorough out the world. When a g everywherenment or presidencys is determining the approximately appropriate pretending to give factors such(prenominal) as cost, ability to turn over desired out occurs and feasibility must be considered. The fashion good examples of wellnessc ar that play the largest fictional character in the wellness of Australians ar the biomedical and mixer cases of wellness.The biomedical model of wellnessThe biomedical model of wellness focusses on optimum corporal health for case-by-cases. This model focusses on diagnosis and treatment of health conditions, with the remainder of returning state to their pre-condition wholesome recite. This model relies heavily on hospitals, pharmaceuticals and medi cal technology to achieve this goal and is an expensive model. The biomedical model is widely accepted and forms the basis of health care throughout the western world.Advantages and disadvantages of the biomedical model of healthAdvantages cast ups populations heart expectancy as treatments advance strong at treating common problems and returning tidy sum to a healthy stateCan channelize to advances in medical technologyCan modify the quality of life for people with chronic conditions via medications etc.DisadvantagesUse of move medical technology and the health system to diagnose and treat conditions is dear(p) for political sympathiessDoes not address factors that lead to the development of particular health conditions non all health conditions bottom be cured, however they wad a great deal be managed via behaviour modification which this model does not considerpaying(a) for medications and treatment via the biomedical approach can be expensive for individualsThe lovi ng model of healthThe favorable model of health focusses on casts that can lead to poor health. It aims to meliorate health and wellbeing by direct efforts towards addressing affable, economic and environmental determinants of health. Instead of an individual approach, this model focusses more broadly speaking on communities and populations in an attempt to kick upstairs optimal health.There are five key principles to the social model of healthAddresses the broader determinants of healthFactors such as gender, socioeconomic status, culture, strong-arm environment, education and ethnicity can model the health of people. The social model of health looks beyond the biological determinants and focuses on how health and wellbeing can be influenced by such broader determinants.Acts to dress social inequitiesQuality of healthcare, gateway and use of healthcare should be equal crosswise all groups in the association. The social model of health acts to ensure socioeconomic status , gender, race, locality or physical environment do not reduce comeliness.Empowers individuals and communitiesWhen people gain augmentd control over decisions and military litigate mechanisms influencing their health they blend in empowered. The social model of health acts to empower and this may occur through ontogenesisd health knowledge and can happen on an individual basis or collectively as a partnership.Acts to enable inlet to healthcareHealth care and health teaching should be handy and affordable to meet peoples needs. hearty determinants that can influence this access accommodate socioeconomic status, heathenish barriers and education levels. The social model swear outs to lower such barriers to enable access to health care.Involves intersectorial collaborationThe government, non-government organisations and the private sector should utilisation in a partnership to address the broader determinants that influence individuals health. Greater community health has positivistic implications for all sectors and collaboration should be sought among such groups.Acronyms are often a handy way to regain much of the knowledge covered in the HHD course. The acronym AREAS or IDEAR may be used to remember the principles of the social model of health.AREASAddresses shrinkEmpowersActsinterSectorialIDEARIntersectorialDeterminantsEmpowersAccess funkClosing the gap take the field demonstrating the principles of the social model of health.Since 2006, Australias peak congenital and non- autochthonal health bodies, NGOs and human rights organisations surrender worked together to achieve health and life expectation equality for Australias native and Torres walk Islander peoples. This is known as the Close the Gap Campaign.The Close the Gap Campaign partners collapse highly-developed targets to support the achievement of Indigenous health equality over umteen swears. Key targets acknowledge those to support important reductions in the rates of aborigine and Torres straits Islander death and illness from diseases and chronic conditionsthe delivery of the necessity primary health care services for health equality to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities, particularly by Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Servicesbig improvements to ho development (so that it supports salutary health) in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communitiesa dramatic increase in the availability of unclouded and healthy food supplies in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities andsignificant reductions in the rate of ingest among Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders.The Closing the gap commove take a hops the principles of the social model of health in the following ship canalAddresses the broader determinants of health The curriculum is attempting to address determinants such as behavioural expends, such as healthy food outgo, and social influences, such as hovictimization, that partake on the health of indigenous people.Acts to reduce social inequities Social inequalities such as access to healthcare are being addressed in this syllabus.Empowers individuals and the community Providing an increase in the availability of fresh and healthy food supplies, accords individuals and communities the prize to engage in health behaviour. In conjunction with education regarding the benefits of these foods, this course will attempt to empower people so they feel they befuddle control over their health.Acts to enable access to healthcare Increasing access to primary healthcare services, including delivery of these services by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders where possible, reduces barriers that may prevent indigenous people from achieving optimal levels of health.- Involves intersectorial collaboration In this campaign government and non-government organisations are working together and in that respectfore there is the ability to influence a broad range of social factors that infl uence indigenous health.Other programs that are based on the social model of health include the Swap it, Dont stop it initiative, the Quit campaign and the SunSmart program. A progressive auberge, such as Australias, does not choose to use every the biomedical model of health or the social model of health, moreover incorporate both approaches to strive for optimal levels of health within their population.The capital of Canada have for Health forwardingOne of the or so significant contributions to the ontogeny of Public Health occurred at the First International Conference on Health progression held in Ottawa, Canada in 1986. Stemming from the social model of health this conference saw the development of The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. The Ottawa Charter is a framework to assist governments and organisations around the world when ontogeny health advance strategies.The Ottawa Charter recognises that in order for health gains to occur the following basic conditions an d resources must be available peaceShelterEducationFoodIncomeA stable eco-systemSustainable resourcesSocial justice and equityThe Ottawa Charter also outlines that the following terzetto basic prerequisites are the foundation for health advancementAdvocatePolitical, economic, social, cultural, environmental, behavioural and biological factors can all favour health or be harmful to it. Health furtherance fulfill aims at making these conditions indulgent through advocacy for health.EnableHealth promotion focuses on achieving equity in health. Health promotion action aims at reducing differences in current health status and ensuring equal opportunities and resources to enable all people to achieve their fullest health potential.MediateHealth promotion demands coordinated action by all concerned by governments, by health and some other social and economic sectors, by nongovernmental and voluntary organization, by local authorities, by industry and by the media. Professional and so cial groups and health personnel have a major responsibility to mediate between differing interests in society for the pursuit of health.Priority / Action Areas of the Ottawa Charter for Health PromotionWhen health promotion strategies and programs are devised by governments or organisations there is the life to achieve various health outcomes. The following priority or action areas are recommended for use by The Ottawa Charter for creating a health promotion program. Not all areas need be addressed in every strategy.Build Healthy Public PolicyThis action area asks governments and organisational policy makers to be aware of the health consequences of their decisions and to accept their responsibilities for health. Policies that involve gross and legislation can influence the behaviours of individuals, leaders to either positive or negative influences on health. For example a legislation that prevents people from smoking indoors at a restaurant, can then make it scant(p) for a fa mily to decide to go out for dinner and not spue the health of their family members at risk. Health promotion encourages health to be on the agenda for policy makers in all sectors and all levels.Create corroborative EnvironmentsThis action area recognises the link between health and our societal and natural environment. Changing patterns of life, work and leisure have a significant impact on health. Work and leisure should be a source of health for people. The way society organises work should help create a healthy society. Health promotion generates living and working conditions that are safe, stimulating, satisfying and enjoyable. protect natural and built environments and conserving natural resources is an important part of health promotion given the influence they can have on maintaining health. For example, work places that have natural lighting and fresh air support the health of their staff. establish Community ActionsThis action area recognises that community participatio n in stage setting priorities and making decision on the direction of health matters can lead to empowerment. When a community feels like its voice is being heard this can lead to increased participation and engagement in health promotion activities. For the community to draw on its human and material resources to promote good health it requires access to information, learning opportunities and funding support.Develop Personal SkillsTo increase options for people to exercise more control over their health personalized and social development needs to occur. Providing information, education and opportunities for skill development whether that be at school, home, work or in the community will allow for learning and development of personal skills to occur.Reorient Health ServicesThis action area recognises the need for the health promotion communicate to be overlap amongst more than doctors and hospitals it needs to be shared among individuals, community groups and governments also. For example, if new medical knowledge exists regarding limiting the prevalence of childhood obesity, medical staff should be encouraged to share this information at community forums and via school visits.SunSmart program demonstrating the Ottawa Charter priority / action areas.Cancer Council capital of Seychellesand the victorian Health Promotion Foundationfirst funded SunSmart in 1988 in Victoria.Since institution the program has prevented more than 100,000 throw together cancers and saved thousands of lives making it one of the most successful programs in Australia. TodaySunSmart is a multi-faceted program recognised for providing leaders and innovation in ultraviolet radiation (UV) protection. Programs operate in from each one state and territory of Australia by respective Cancer Councils, all using common principals but tailored to jurisdictional priorities.The sun protection message is currentlySlip Slop Slap Seek SlideSunSmart seeks to influence individual sun protection behaviours, those with responsibilities for protecting others and broader environmental change. SunSmart also aims to promote and improve the knowingness of a balanced approach to UV motion picture and the link withvitamin D.Building Health Public Policy The program is an assist for change and implementation of SunSmart recommendations in schools , workplaces and local government areas.Create corroboratory Environment Encouraging schools, workplaces and governments to provide shaded areas for people when they are outdooea creates an environment that supports the SunSmart approach. inflect Community ActionsBy working with various groups in the community, such as early childhood centres and sporting clubs, to reduce UV exposure the program is reducing the risk of skin cancer.Develop Personal Skills The Slip, Slop, Slap, Seek, Slide advert campaign is teaching people strategies to decrease their risk of developing skin cancer.Reorient Health Services Working with a variety of group s and individuals across the health sector improves knowledge and skills that people have for reducing UV exposure.Other programs that incorporate the Ottawa Charter priority / action areas include the Swap it, Dont stop it initiative, the Quit campaign and the Closing the gap campaign.An acronym to assist remembering the first word of each Ottawa Charter action area is Bad Cats Smell Dead Rats.VicHealthThe square-toed Health Promotion Foundation, more commonly referred to as VicHealth was established in 1987 and works in partnership with organisations, communities and individuals to make health a central part of mundane living. The focus of VicHealth is primarily on health promotion and prevention of health conditions for Victorians. VicHealth does not implement programs but advocates and financially support health promotion initiatives.The mission of VicHealth is to induce the capabilities of organisations, communities and individuals in ways thatchange social, economic, cultur al and physical environments to improve health for all Victoriansstrengthen the beneathstanding and the skills of individuals in ways that support their efforts to achieve and maintain health.The mission of VicHealth guides the selection of the organisations strategical priorities, which reflect the Tobacco Act 1987 and are founded on principles of equity. The priorities for focus in the VicHealth strategic framework are trim back smokingImproving nutritionReducing harm from inebriantic drinkIncreasing physical activityIncreasing social and economic participationReducing harm from UV exposure.VicHealth reflects the social model of health by participating in business activities that draw on the Ottawa Charter. Health promotion actions that VicHealth are involved in are activities thatCreate and use knowledge acquired through research and evaluation.Create environments that hold dear good health.Encourage the development of systems that support and sustain health.Communicate clo se to priority health issues.Develop communities which are inclusive, accessible, equitable and safe.Support organisations to plan, implement and evaluate health promotion activity.Facilitate participation and skill development. nominate to, and advocate for, healthy public policy and regulation.VicHealth also reflects the social model of health via its Key Result Areas (KRA). These are the targets they have set for the organisation over a particular period.VicHealth Key Result AreasKRA 1 Health inequalities1.1 Improve the physical and mental health of those experiencing social, economic or geographical disadvantage.1.2 Contribute to closing the health gap between Indigenous and non- Indigenous Victorians.KRA 2 Participation2.1 Increase participation in physical activity.2.2 Increase opportunities for social connection.2.3 Reduce race-based variety and promote diversity.2.4 Prevent violence against women by increasing participation in respectful relationships.2.5 Build knowledge t o increase access to economic resources.KRA 3 Nutrition, tobacco, alcohol and UV3.1 Create environments that improve health.3.2 Increase optimal nutrition.3.3 Reduce tobacco use.3.4 Reduce harm from alcohol.3.5 Reduce harmful UV exposure.KRA 4 Knowledge4.1 Produce, synthesise and translate interoperable health promotion knowledge.4.2 Evaluate health promotionpractice.KRA 5 communication theory5.1 Develop, implement and evaluate marketing and communications approaches to improve health.5.2 Develop say on effective social marketing.5.3 Provide accurate, credible and timely information to stakeholders on healthpromotion issues.KRA 6 Business operations6.1 operate effective business and risk soures and systems.6.2 Develop high-performing people in a healthy and sustainable work environment.6.3 Operate transparently and with accountability.VicHealth funded projectsVicHealths programs and projects focus on improving the health of all people in Victoria, including addressing differenc es in health status between population groups. Programs are guided by the up-to-the-minute evidence and there is an attempt to invest in a range of activities in sectors as diverse as sport and active recreation, the arts, education, provision and built environment, community and local government. These programs promote changes in policy and practice that can influence peoples ability to sustain a healthy lifestyle.Activities support since the Foundations establishment in 1987 have contributed significantly to public health improvements in Victoria. The reduction of smoking prevalence among adults is one of the success stories in the dominance of comprehensive, well-funded and sustained programs for improving health.Two VicHealth funded programs are outlined below, accompanied by potential health outcomes of each project and how they reflect the social model of healthVicHealths Arts About Us program encourages dialogue well-nigh the benefits of cultural diversity and the harm ca used by race-based discrimination. Arts About Us currently provides trine-year funding to 16 community and arts organisations that have partnered with VicHealth. from each one project is working with various organisations to create and showcase art that strengthens cultural understanding, celebrates cultural diversity and generates discussion just about the effects of race-based discrimination.Potential health outcomes of this program includeBreaking down the social isolation that people involved in the program may have experienced, thus leading to improvements in peoples social health.Building social connectedness for community groups and individuals that come together in such a program is positive for social health.Building the self-esteem of people whose art may be displayed is positive for social health.Raising community awareness of race-based discrimination may mayhap lead to less discrimination and therefore has associated mental health benefits.stinting benefits may stem from people whose art skills are recognised. Resulting employment may have associated health benefits for these people.How this program reflects the principles of the social model of health change cultural understanding and raising awareness of issues such as race-based discrimination aims to reduce social inequalities.Celebrating diversity aims to empower individuals and communities so they have the impudence to participate in the community.Culture is a broad determinant of health that is being targeted in this program.As ofNovember 1, 2011, it is now against the impartiality in Victoria to serve alcohol in a private home to anyone under 18, unless their parent or guardian has given permission. The teen drinking law web resource launched by VicHealth, the Australian Drug Foundation and the Victorian Government is aimed at parents, adults and young peopleand gives practical information about the new law change.The website encourages parents and children to discuss alcohol consumpt ion, provides information on nearsighted term and long term harm that may give from alcohol and how to reduce these risks.Potential health outcomes of this initiative includeRaising community awareness of the new law may reduce the degree of pocket-sized alcohol consumption with associated health benefits.Social health benefits may resolve when parents and their children communicate about alcohol consumptions and the associated risks.Physical health benefits may result when young people are educated on safe consumption of alcohol.Mental health benefits may result when parents are reassured that there is a law protecting their children from accessing alcohol from other adults.How this program reflects the principles of the social model of healthTeaching young people and adults about alcohol consumption addresses the broader determinants of health, particularly education.When young people are educated about alcohol and its effects they are empowered to take control over the decisi ons that they make in their lives.For further practice on how VicHealth reflects the principles of the Social model of health, head to the VicHealth website. Here you will find examples of many VicHealth funded programs. Identify some(prenominal) programs and make connections with the principles of the Social model of health. Get your teacher to read over your responses.GlossaryBiomedical model of health Focuses on the physical or biological aspects of disease and illness. It is a medical model of care accomplished by doctors and/or health professional and is associated with the diagnosis, cure and treatment of disease. electric charge A statement defines what an organization is, why it exists, its reason for being.Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion Developed by the World Health judicature this approach attempts to reduce inequalities in health. The Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion was developed from the social model of health. It considers health promotion as the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve, their health. The Ottawa Charter identifies three basic strategies for health promotion which are enabling, mediating, and advocacy.Social model of health A model that attempts to achieve improvements in health and wellbeing by directing effort towards addressing the social, economic and environmental determinants of health.VicHealth Is a Victorian government body that works with organisations, communities and individuals to promote health and prevent illness check to its priorities. alteration check checklistCan you explain the biomedical model of health?Can you explain the social model of health including the five principles?Can you explain the Ottawa Charter including the five priority action areas?Do you know VicHealths mission and strategic priorities?Do you know the potential health outcomes of a VicHealth funded project and how this project reflects the social model of Health?Revision QuestionsList three examples that represent a biomedical approach to health?Outline two features of the biomedical model of health?The QUIT campaign attempts to reduce the prevalence of smoking through assisting smokers to quit and not recover smoking. Describe how the QUIT campaign reflects two of the action areas of the Ottawa Charter?Explain the role of VicHealth in promoting health?VicHealth supports the Darebin Northern Interfaith regardful Relationships Project. This project engages faith leaders and communities in Melbournes north to raise awareness of the problem of violence against women. The project helps faith and community leaders build their capacity to undertake primary prevention work. It incorporates a range of activities, including using scripture and teachings to promote respectful relationships, White Ribbon Day initiatives, interfaith declarations and peer mentoring programs.Explain, using evidence, two principles of the social model of health that are reflected in this program.